Optoelectronique

Sommaire :

CHAPTER 1: SEMICONDUCTORS
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
GENERALITIES
INTRINSIC SEMICONDUCTORS OR PURE SEMICONDUCTORS
EXTRINSIC SEMICONDUCTORS OR IMPURE SEMICONDUCTORS
DOPING
N-TYPE DOPING
P-TYPE DOPING
SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS
MOLECULAR BEAM EPITAXY (MBE)
METAL-ORGANIC CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION (MOCVD)
ALLOYING BY ANNEALING
FORMATION AND RECOMBINATION OF ELECTRON-HOLE PAIRS
FORMATION OF ELECTRON-HOLE PAIRS
RECOMBINATION OF ELECTRON-HOLE PAIRS
ENERGY BANDS IN SOLIDS
ATOMIC ENERGY LEVELS
CRYSTAL LATTICE AND BLOCH'S THEOREM
SUMMARY
LEXICON
REFERENCES
RECOMMENDATIONS

CHAPTER 2: OPTICAL PROCESSES IN SEMICONDUCTORS
INTRODUCTION
ABSORPTION
EMISSION
PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
SCATTERING
OBJECTIVES
ABSORPTION IN SEMICONDUCTORS
BANDGAP ENERGY
PHOTON ABSORPTION
ENERGY CONSERVATION
ELECTRON EXCITATION AND PAIR GENERATION
ABSORPTION COEFFICIENT
INDIRECT AND DIRECT BANDGAP MATERIALS
ABSORPTION SPECTRUM
INDIRECT INTRINSIC TRANSITIONS
DIRECT VS. INDIRECT TRANSITIONS
PHONON PARTICIPATION
ABSORPTION AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS
APPLICATIONS
EXCITON ABSORPTION
DONOR-ACCEPTOR & IMPURITY-BAND ABSORPTION
DONOR-ACCEPTOR ABSORPTION
IMPURITY BAND ABSORPTION
APPLICATIONS
EFFECT OF ELECTRIC FIELD ON ABSORPTION
APPLICATIONS
RADIATION IN SEMICONDUCTOR-RELATION BETWEEN ABSORPTION AND EMISSION SPECTRA
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ABSORPTION AND EMISSION
APPLICATIONS
NEAR BAND GAP RADIOACTIVE TRANSITIONS
ENERGY BANDGAP
APPLICATIONS
SUMMARY
LEXICON
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READINGS
TERMINAL QUESTIONS

CHAPTER 3: OPTOELECTRONIC DETECTORS
INTRODUCTION
PHOTODIODES
PHOTOTRANSISTORS
PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBES (PMTS)
AVALANCHE PHOTODIODES (APDS)
CHARGE-COUPLED DEVICES (CCDS)
CMOS SENSORS
OBJECTIVES
PHOTOCONDUCTORS
THEORY
WORKING PRINCIPLE
APPLICATIONS
JUNCTION PHOTODIODES
STRUCTURE
WORKING PRINCIPLE
RESPONSIVITY AND QUANTUM EFFICIENCY
APPLICATIONS
PIN PHOTODIODES
STRUCTURE
WORKING PRINCIPLE
ADVANTAGES OF PIN PHOTODIODES
APPLICATIONS
HETEROJUNCTION DIODES
STRUCTURE AND TYPES OF HETEROJUNCTION DIODES
WORKING PRINCIPLE AND ADVANCED FEATURES
APPLICATIONS
AVALANCHE PHOTODIODES
STRUCTURE AND WORKING PRINCIPLE
ADVANCED FEATURES AND CHARACTERISTICS
APPLICATIONS
PHOTOTRANSISTOR
STRUCTURE AND WORKING PRINCIPLE
MODES OF OPERATION
CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION
TYPES OF PHOTOTRANSISTORS
PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS
CHARACTERISTICS AND ADVANTAGES
APPLICATIONS
METAL SEMICONDUCTOR -METAL PHOTODIODE
STRUCTURE AND WORKING PRINCIPLE
ADVANCED FEATURES AND ADVANTAGES
APPLICATIONS
SUMMARY
LEXICON
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READINGS
TERMINAL QUESTIONS

CHAPTER 4: PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
SOLAR ENERGY SPECTRUM
ULTRAVIOLET (UV) RADIATION
VISIBLE LIGHT
INFRARED (IR) RADIATION
DEVICE PRINCIPLES
SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL
PN JUNCTION
ABSORPTION OF PHOTONS
GENERATION OF ELECTRON-HOLE PAIRS
ELECTRIC FIELD
SEPARATION AND COLLECTION OF CHARGE CARRIERS
FORMATION OF AN ELECTRIC CURRENT
CONDUCTIVE CONTACTS
EXTERNAL LOAD
EFFICIENCY AND PERFORMANCE
PV MODULE AND SYSTEM
CURRENT-VOLTAGE (I-V) CHARACTERISTICS
EQUIVALENT CIRCUITS
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES
MATERIALS
EFFICIENCIES
SUMMARY
LEXICON
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READINGS
TERMINAL QUESTIONS

CHAPTER 5: LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
WORKING OF LED AND ELECTRO-LUMINESCENCE
CHARACTERISTICS OF LED DEVICES
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS
STRUCTURE AND FABRICATION OF LED
HOMOJUNCTION AND HETEROJUNCTION LED STRUCTURE
SURFACE-EMITTING LED
EDGE EMITTING LED STRUCTURE
MATERIALS USED FOR LEDS
LED LIGHT POWER & EFFICIENCY
LED LIGHT POWER
LED LIGHT EFFICIENCY
LED EFFICIENCY AND LAMP EFFICIENCY
LED LIGHTING AND POWER FACTOR
SPECIFICATIONS OF LEDS
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
OPTICAL SPECIFICATIONS
APPLICATIONS OF LED
LED AS AN INDICATOR
LED AS AN OPTICAL SOURCE
LED AS LIGHT BULB
SUMMARY
LEXICON
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READING
TERMINAL QUESTIONS

CHAPTER 6: LASER DIODE
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVE
LASER DIODE
THEORY
ELECTRICAL AND OPTICAL PUMPING
GENERATION OF SPONTANEOUS EMISSION
DIRECT AND INDIRECT BANDGAP SEMICONDUCTORS
OPTICAL CAVITY AND LASER MODES
FORMATION OF LASER BEAM
TYPES
DOUBLE HETERO-STRUCTURE LASERS
QUANTUM WELL LASERS
QUANTUM CASCADE LASERS
SEPARATE CONFINEMENT HETEROSTRUCTURE LASERS
DISTRIBUTED BRAGG REFLECTOR LASERS
DISTRIBUTED-FEEDBACK LASERS
VERTICAL CAVITY SURFACE-EMITTING LASER
VERTICAL EXTERNAL CAVITY SURFACE EMITTING LASER
EXTERNAL CAVITY DIODE LASERS
RELIABILITY
APPLICATIONS
TELECOMMUNICATIONS, SCANNING AND SPECTROMETRY
MEDICAL USES
MASKLESS PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY
LASER DIODE RATE EQUATIONS
MULTIMODE RATE EQUATIONS
ISSUES & SOLUTIONS
SUMMARY
LEXICON
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READINGS
TERMINAL QUESTIONS

CHAPTER 7: OPTICAL FIBER
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVE
OPTICAL FIBER
APPLICATIONS
COMMUNICATION
SENSORS
POWER TRANSMISSION
OTHER USES
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
REFRACTIVE INDEX
TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION
MULTI-MODE FIBER
SINGLE MODE FIBER
SPECIAL PURPOSE FIBER
MECHANISMS OF ATTENUATION
LIGHT SCATTERING
UV-VIS-IR ABSORPTION
NUMERICAL APERTURE
GENERAL OPTICS
LASER PHYSICS
FIBER OPTICS
PULSE BROADENING OPTICAL FIBER
ADVANTAGES OF FIBER OPTICS
DISADVANTAGES OF FIBRE OPTICS
SUMMARY
LEXICON
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READINGS
TERMINAL QUESTIONS